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19th Century |
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| 1900 | Cary Nation begins attacking saloons with her hatchet. | |
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| Guglielmo Marconi sends the first radio signal across the English Channel. | 1899 | US refuses to recognize Philippine independence igniting the Philippine-American War. |
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| June 12 General Emilio Aguinaldo proclaims Philippines independent of Spain. | 1898 | |
| 1896 | May 19 US Supreme Court upholds "separate but equal" policy in Plessy v. Ferguson. | |
| 1895 | May
19 Jose Marti killed in battle. |
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| Rudolf Diesel
invents the diesel engine. January 1 Ellis Island began to operate as a port of entry for immigrants to the US. |
1892 | |
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| 1890 | December 29 US massacres Big Foot and about 300 Lakotas in an attempt to suppress the "Ghost Dance." | |
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| Nikola Tesla invents the
induction electrical motor. May 16 Emile Berliner invents flat-disc recording. May 13 Princess Isabel of Brazil abolishes slavery. January 27 US National Geographic Society founded. |
1888 | |
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| Heinrich Hertz generates an electromagnetic wave. | 1887 | |
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| Karl Benz build the first practical automobile. | 1885 | February 5 Belgian King Leopold II claims the Belgian Congo as his personal possession. |
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| Carl Gustav de Laval develops the impulse steam turbine. H.S. Maxim invents the machine gun. | 1883 | |
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| 1882 | US Congress passes the Chinese Exclusion Act. | |
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| May 21 Clara Barton creates American Red Cross. | 1881 | |
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| Thomas Swan of England invents the light bulb. | 1878 | |
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| Thomas Edison invents the phonograph. | 1877 | September 5 Sioux chief Crazy Horse killed by US soldier after resisting arrest at Fort Robinson, Nebraska. |
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| Alexander Graham Bell invents the telephone. N.A. Otto develops the four-stroke internal combustion engine. |
1876 | |
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| 1873 | Comstock Act bans contraceptives and obscene material sent through US postal service. | |
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| December 24 Giuseppe Verdi's opera Aida premiers in Cairo, Egypt. | 1871 | |
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| Richard Greener becomes first African American Harvard graduate. | 1870 | |
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| February
17 Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev completes first periodic table. Americans complete the
U.S. transcontinental railroad. |
1869 | Pius IX declares infallibility of popes at First Vatican Council. |
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| Christopher Sholes invents the typewriter. | 1868 | |
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| June 10
Richard Wagner's Tristan und
Isolde premiers in Munich, Germany. December 18 Slavery in the United States is abolished with the ratification of the 13th Amendment to the US Constitution. |
1865 |
Ku Klux Klan
formed. February 3 Attempt to end American Civil War fails. April 15 Abraham Lincoln dies. April 14 John Wilkes Booth shoots Abraham Lincoln. |
| 1864 | December 8 In Quanta cura, Pius IX denounces freedom of religion, separation of church and state, and accuses Jews of seeking world domination. | |
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| January 1 Abraham Linclon signs the Emancipation Proclamation. | 1863 | |
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| July 4 Lewis Carroll begins to narrate Alice in Wonderland to Alice Liddell and other children. | 1862 | |
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| Broca of France associates brain damage with physiological problems. | 1861 | February 4 Confederate States of America draft a Constitution explicitly condoning human slavery. |
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| Etienne Lenoir of Belgium invents the internal combustion engine. | 1860 | |
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| Charles
Darwin publishes On the Origin of Species |
1859 | |
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| 1857 | US Supreme Court rules that Dred Scott must remain a slave in Scott v. Sandford. | |
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| Florence Nightingale takes 38 women to Turkey to nurse wounded and sick Crimean War soldiers. | 1854 | |
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| America imports swallows from Germany as defense against caterpillars. | 1852 | |
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| 1851 | Dr. Samual A. Cartwright describes "drapetomania." | |
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| January 23 Elizabeth Blackwell becomes first woman doctor in the Western hemisphere. | 1849 | |
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| Serfdom abolished
in Austria. July 19 Seneca Falls Declaration of Sentiments and Resolutions published. May 22 Martinique abolishes slavery. |
1848 | |
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| September
10 Farmer Elias Howe
patents the first practical sewing machine. January 29 Edgar Allen Poe writes "The Raven." |
1846 | |
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| July 4 Henry David Thoreau begins his journal at Walden Pond. | 1845 | |
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| April 20 Edgar Allen Poe publishes his first detective story, "The Murders in the Rue Morgue." | 1841 | |
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| 1840 | Manifest Destiny | |
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| Charles Goodyear discovers vulcanization. | 1839 | |
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| John Ericsson
develops the screw propeller.
January 6 Samuel Morse demonstrates his telegraph. |
1838 | |
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| September 6 Mary Hosford, Mary Fletcher Kellogg, Elizabeth Smith Prall, and Caroline Mary Rudd enroll at Oberlin College, Ohio. | 1837 | |
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| Oberlin College, Ohio, votes to admit African American students. | 1835 | February
10 Russian poet and novelist Aleksandr Pushkin killed in a duel. |
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| John Lane develops the steel plow. | 1833 | |
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| Benoit Fourneyron develops the water turbine. | 1832 | |
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| October 4 Belgium wins independence. | 1830 | |
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| April 14
Noah Webster publishes An American
Dictionary of the English Language. February 21 First Cherokee newspaper published. |
1828 | |
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| Stockton-Darlington railway opens. | 1825 | French law makes sacrilege a capital offense. |
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| September 7 Crown Prince Pedro declares Brazil's independent of Portugal. | 1822 | |
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| Hans Oersted discovers electromagnetism. | 1820 | |
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| T. R. Malthus publishes An Inquiry into the Nature and Progress of Rent. | 1815 | |
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| Treaty of Ghent is signed. | 1814 | |
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February 12 Charles Darwin
and Abraham Lincoln born. Louis Braille invents reading system for the blind. |
1809 | |
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| Napoleon abolishes the Inquisition in France and Spain. | 1808 | |
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| May
22
Lewis and Clark Expedition begins. January 1 Jean-Jacques Dessalines declares Saint Domingue independent, restoring its original name, Haiti. |
1804 | |
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| Daniel Webster publishes The Rights of Neutral Nations in Time of War. | 1802 | |
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